A IA E EU

Equanimity is not the absence of emotion, but the refusal to become governed by it. Across philosophy, psychology, religion, and even sociology, it appears as one of the highest forms of internal freedom: the capacity to remain psychologically coherent while reality continues to fracture, disappoint, provoke, seduce, and wound. The Stoics called it tranquility before what cannot be controlled. In Buddhism , upekkhā became one of the highest states of mind: neither clinging to pleasure nor collapsing before suffering. In Taoism , it emerges through alignment with the movement of existence rather than resistance against it. Spinoza understood something similar when he argued that human beings mistake emotional captivity for freedom. Nietzsche feared ressentiment precisely because unresolved emotion can silently reorganize an entire personality. Even Schopenhauer , deeply pessimistic, saw detachment from compulsive desire as one of the few escapes from endless suffering. Psychology l...

A filosofia de Gilles Deleuze A filosofia de Gilles Deleuze tenta construir uma maneira de pensar o movimento, a diferença, o desejo e a criação sem depender de identidades fixas. Deleuze desconfia de tudo aquilo que congela a vida em formas rígidas: essência, identidade, normalidade, sujeito estável, verdade única. Em vez disso, ele pergunta: como algo se torna o que é? como forças atravessam corpos, ideias e sociedades? como criar modos de existência menos aprisionados? 1. Diferença antes da identidade Na tradição filosófica ocidental, normalmente pensamos assim: primeiro existe uma identidade (“isto é uma árvore”), depois observamos as diferenças (“esta árvore é maior”). Deleuze inverte isso. Para ele, a diferença vem antes. O mundo não é feito de coisas estáveis que variam um pouco; ele é feito de fluxos, transformações, multiplicidades. Por isso sua obra principal se chama Difference and Repetition . Ele critica a ideia de que pensar seja apenas reconhecer coisas já conhecidas. Pe...

1. Antiquity: love as madness… or ascent In ancient Greece, love already sits in tension with reason. In Symposium , Plato presents two sides of love: one as madness (irrational, destabilizing) another as a path upward—from desire for bodies to contemplation of pure Beauty So here, love is not simply opposed to reason. It begins as disorder, but can become a ladder toward truth. 2. Medieval courtly love: distance and impossibility In medieval Europe , especially in troubadour poetry, love becomes something else: distant often unattainable structured by longing rather than fulfillment Think of Francesco Petrarch and his love for Laura. Here, love is not irrational chaos—it is disciplined suffering. Reason doesn’t disappear; it organizes desire into ritual, poetry, and idealization. But there’s a twist: love intensifies precisely because it cannot be resolved rationally. 3. Early modern philosophy: reason tries to explain love With thinkers like Baruch Spinoza , love becomes something ...